
XRP

Evernode

Ripple
XRP Ledger (XRPL)
The XRP Ledger was launched in the summer of 2012 by a core group of individuals including Arthur Britto, David Schwartz, and Jed McCaleb. They were quickly joined by Chris Larsen and formed a firm by the name NewCoin. After another branding iteration, the firm was renamed to OpenCoin, which lead to its current and most known form of Ripple. The XRP Ledger pre-minted 100B XRP with 20B being delivered to the founders of the project and 80B XRP allocated as a gift to Ripple with much of this amount being placed into a long-term, scheduled escrow release. XRP is the native asset of the XRPL and is the culmination of the protocol’s value.
The founders of the XRPL created it to improve on the original Bitcoin vision as a decentralized payment network. As Bitcoin utilizes the energy intensive Proof of Work (PoW) consensus, the XRPL makes use of a federated byzantine agreement (FBA) consensus protocol resulting in its ability to facilitate decentralized transactions at high speeds of 3-5 seconds. XRPL transactions cost fractions of a penny paid in XRP and can scale to 1,500 transactions per second. The underlying consensus of the XRPL is aptly named the Ripple Consensus Protocol. While the naming of the components and projects involved in the XRPL has been misconstrued overtime, XRP (formerly called Ripples) and the XRP Ledger (composed of the Ripple Protocol Consensus Algorithm) are the preferred terminology at present.
XRP Ledger Consensus Protocol
The XRPL Consensus Protocol was launched as a first of its kind to advance the shortcomings of Bitcoin. This includes some key properties to allow it to scale with minimal energy usage and advance the security properties of the blockchain. There is no need for a central administrator or single point of failure as all valid transactions are processed. Participants are free to leave or join whenever as the ledger can continue to progress. Anyone using the XRPL can agree on the ordering and processing of transactions with all other ecosystem participants. Instead of forking due to lack of consensus, the XRPL would just stall until an agreement can be reached.
Transactions are processed in blocks referred to as ledgers on the XRPL. For every ledger closing, three data fields are stored including the current state of all balances and objects, set of transactions resulting in a ledger closing, and metadata about the current ledger version. Each ledger version is indexed as the protocol progresses to ensure a public history of the XRPL. Every new ledger has stored the history of the entire protocol. Once an 80% agreement between the validators on transaction ordering and processing is made, a ledger is closed and becomes the parent ledger for the next subsequent version.
XRPL consensus utilizes a Unique Node Listing (UNL), which represents a set of chosen validators to progress its state. Each validator has a subset of nodes that have chosen to trust them. Each node and validator is able to freely choose which other nodes and validators they would like to trust, which creates a network of parties working to advance the XRPL. If the 80% agreement is not met, the validators will begin modeling their output for a particular ledger to match its trusted network. Once enough iterations have occurred to reach the 80% consensus requirement, the current ledger will be finalized and a new one will begin processing. This means that as long as less than 20% of the validators are not operating properly the XRPL will advance. Additionally, it also means that the collusion rate among validators would have to reach 80% to institute a double-spend attack.
XRPL Decentralized Exchange (DEX)
One of the often most overlooked aspects of the XRP Ledger is its on-chain, decentralized exchange (DEX). The XRPL DEX provides users with the ability to trade issued currencies, tokenized assets, NFTs, and counterparty-less assets (like XRP) through an order book exchange model. Offers are used on the XRPL DEX as a form of trading orders. Auto-bridging will automatically connect order books with XRP as the intermediary asset when it will reduce costs. Tick size flexibility allows users to set ranges to avoid lack of fulfillment in trading orders over minute variances in exchange rates. The XUMM and GateHub projects have partnered to create an application to trade on the XRPL DEX like you would on any other centralized exchange.
Issued Currencies
All currency types aside from XRP can be represented as issued currencies on the XRPL with or without a counterparty. For example, Bitstamp issues fiat IOUs so that assets on the XRPL can trade against the US Dollar and be redeemed for real fiat. Additionally, the Flare Network can now issue assets onto the XRP Ledger without a centralized counterparty. Flare Network is the party through which the native version of the issued assets is redeemed from via projects like Trustline. The synergies between the XRPL and Flare Network can provide additional use cases to the XRPL DEX through the trustless issuance of crypto assets onto the XRPL. In both instances of counterparties to issued currencies, these entities issuing assets on the XRPL are referred to as gateways.
Issued currencies generally represent a liability for one entity and an asset for another on the XRPL. These issued currencies utilize a XRPL functionality called trustlines, which track accounting relationships between various parties. Each trustline represents a willingness to hold debt obligations from the gateway parties. The limits on how much a user is willing to hold of these debt obligations can be set and change depending on the trustworthiness of the issuing party (or gateway). Parties who have set up trustlines with one another can utilize a feature of the XRPL termed rippling. The functionality behind rippling allows users with a network of trustlines to move obligations due to one user to other users via this network on behalf of the original user a debt obligation may have been held with.
Paths on the XRPL represent a process for issued currency payments to move through intermediary steps on its way through the transaction between two parties. These paths can be best used to perform cross-currency payments and settle complex, off-setting debt obligations. The rippled API features a built-in pathfinding mechanism on the XRPL to assist users in finding possible paths of payment that can be weighed against each other by cost and efficiency. Paths utilize the XRPL DEX and rippling between user address with same currency trustlines.

XRPL.org

XRPL Foundation
XRP Airdrop Tree
***Last updates as of 8.20.2021***XRP Airdrops - Flare Network Eligible XRP holders will receive the Spark (FLR) airdrop from the Flare Network. Additionally, with the announcement of the Songbird Network, these same eligible XRP holders will be airdropped the...
Flare Network Wallet Updates
*** Disclaimer: This article is not financial advice. Anyone taking action on the below information is responsible for their own personal situation. This is just meant to be an aggregation of information to help individuals make the best decision for themselves in...
XRP Escrow Theories Run Wild
Alright folks while I personally love a good ole down the rabbit hole conspiracy theory - I am just seeing too many opinions about the XRP Escrow that would either make no earthly sense to me or would burn the XRP Ledger to the ground. With that being said, I can only...
Digital ID + Crypto Wallets
Welcome to the Mickey B Fresh voice note series! In this entry, Mickey touches on digital identity and multicurrency wallets plus how these components will fit in with Ripple, XRPL, and Flare. The voice notes come fresh out of Mickey’s own telegram group full of dedicated researchers and long time crypto community members.
***Some of the content is based off of speculation. All thoughts and information as of 2/11/21.
Preliminary Ripple Response to the SEC Lawsuit
Ripple has issued their preliminary response to the SEC lawsuit on selling XRP as an investment contract. The filing also includes a FOIA request for SEC communications on the Bitcoin and Ethereum no action rulings. See below for links to the Ripple response and blog...
Driving Value to Flare & the XRPL through DeFi
Welcome to the Mickey B Fresh voice note series! Mickey gives his thoughts on how Flare is using DeFi to drive value to itself and the XRP Ledger. Additionally, he touches on comparisons between Flare and other blockchains and if there really is a set in stone "plan"...
Flare Network’s Spark (FLR) Token Distribution
*** Updates to FLR distribution reflect 1/19/21 for this article. Since Flare Network was first announced back in November 2019, the Flare blockchain has been adapting to meet the demand for its smart contract capabilities. Originally, Flare had planned for the...
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Welcome to the Mickey B Fresh voice note series! Mickey touches on XRP Escrow possibilities, the idea of Ripple as a central bank, ODL mechanisms, and much more. The voice notes come fresh out of Mickey's own telegram group full of dedicated researchers and long time...
Smart contracts are coming to Litecoin via Flare Network
The official Flare Network twitter account released a couple of tweets on 1/8/21 with some big news. Prior to the the Flare Network launch in Q2 2021, Flare Network will be integrating its smart contract functionality with the Litecoin blockchain. Litecoin holders are...
XRP Ledger Stablecoin Proposal
Recently, the OCC released guidance that national banks and FSAs can conduct payment activities via blockchain infrastructure and stablecoins. This is a massive step forward in the domestic payments space of the United States. David Schwartz, CTO of Ripple Labs, made...
XRP Community Members v. the Securities and Exchange Commission
While the SEC case against Ripple and XRP has become a hot button topic across the entire industry, a few members of the XRP community have filed a lawsuit against the SEC for this action. The lawsuit has been filed for a Class defined as follows: All United States...
Our Statement On Recent Market Participant Activity
Please see the link below to view Ripple Labs statement on the future trading halts of XRP by various US-based exchanges, which is posted via Ripple | Insights: https://ripple.com/insights/our-statement-to-recent-market-participant-activity/ Posted Date: 12/29/20
XRP-Micky B Fresh Let`s Talk Ripple IPO-FUD And What`s DE-FI?!?!?!?!
Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on the possibility of a Ripple Labs IPO and an introduction to decentralized finance (DeFi). Video Date: 1/28/2020 ***Disclaimer: This content is not intended to constitute...
Special Guest-Micky B Fresh Everything On The XRPLedger
Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on all things with the XRP Ledger (XRPL). Video Date: 2/13/2020 ***Disclaimer: This content is not intended to constitute financial advice. Additionally, there is no...
Micky B Fresh Series “We Talk Protocols And Layers,CDP`s,XRPL Amendments”
Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on the layers and protocols of the XRP tech stack like XRPL, ILP, etc. Additionally, the topic of collateralized debt positions, CDPs, is touched on as well. Video Date:...
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Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on one of the greatest mysteries surrounding XRPL development, Polysign, as well as crypto market infrastructure and Miguel Vias, former head of XRP Markets at Ripple Labs....
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Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on the future of data collection with blockchain technology, updates on the SBI bank consortium out of Japan, and possible legal designations for XRP in the United States....
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Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on the XRP Ledger (XRPL), Ethereum (ETH), and cryptographic-locked XRP escrow. Video Date: 7/10/2020 ***Disclaimer: This content is not intended to constitute financial...
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Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on the Flare Network, its native asset the Spark token ($FLR), and the ability to utilize XRP in smart contracts through the minting of FXRP. Video Date: 9/4/2020...
Ripple/XRP Special Guest Micky B Understanding The Ripple/XRP line of Credit and Flare Announcement.
Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard. Topics include the Ripple Labs XRP Line of Credit (LOC) offering as well as the announcement of an XRPL utility fork via Flare Network. Video Date: 10/13/2020...
XRP- Micky B, A New Look At Shane Ellis Theory!!
Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on the infamous Shane Ellis Theory covering how an exponential price increase for XRP could occur in a short period of time. This is an updated look at the theory several...
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Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on the connections between Ripple Labs, XRP, and R3. In 2018, ongoing litigation between Ripple Labs and R3 was settled for an undisclosed amount. Per cryptocurrency news...
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Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard on the infamous Shane Ellis Theory covering how an exponential price increase for XRP could occur in a short period of time. Video Date: 9/12/2019 You can find an unedited...
The Big Reveal(Holy Grail) Pt2 Collaterlized Debt Positions(CDP`s) De-Fi
Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a group discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard, Lee of S.P.Q.R Media, and Curtis of Love for Crypto on all things Ripple, XRP, future of Decentralized Finance (DeFi), and collateralized debt positions (CDP). The...
XRP-The Big Reveal(The Holy Grail) !!!!!!!!!!
Brad Kimes of Digital Perspectives hosts a group discussion with Mickey B Fresh of The DeFi Standard and SPQR Lee of S.P.Q.R Media on all things Ripple and XRP. The video dubbed "The Holy Grail" is the first in a two part series. Video Date: 5/24/2019 ***Disclaimer:...
SEC Charges Ripple and Two Executives with Conducting $1.3 Billion Unregistered Securities Offering
Please find a link to the press release for the SEC case against Ripple Labs, Brad Garlinghouse, and Chris Larsen in which the defendants are accused of selling up to $1.3B XRP as an unregistered security from 2013 to present:...
Ripple Labs Inc. Resolves Criminal Investigation
In the link below, please find a summary of the Department of Justice's investigation into Ripple Labs on steps required for them to be in compliance with the regulatory framework of a money services business (MSB) via Ripple Labs selling of the "virtual currency",...
FinCEN Fines Ripple Labs Inc. in First Civil Enforcement Action Against a Virtual Currency Exchanger
Please see the link below for a summary of FinCEN actions against Ripple Labs in 2015 including the finding of XRP to be a convertible virtual currency:...
The SEC’s Attack on Crypto in the United States
Please see the link below to view the Brad Garlinghouse internal memo to the employees of Ripple Labs regarding the SEC lawsuit against their firm, which is posted via Ripple | Insights: https://ripple.com/insights/the-secs-attack-on-crypto-in-the-united-states/...
Ripple Wells Submission Summary
Please see the link below to view the Ripple Labs Wells submission summary in response to the SEC's litigation on the sale of XRP as an unregistered security: https://ripple.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Ripple-Wells-Submission-Summary.pdf File Date: 12/22/2020...
Securities and Exchange Commission against Ripple Labs, Inc., Bradley Garlinghouse, and Christian A. Larsen
Please find the SEC court filing for the case against Ripple Labs, Brad Garlinghouse, and Chris Larsen via PDF at the link below: https://www.sec.gov/litigation/complaints/2020/comp-pr2020-338.pdf File Date: 12/22/2020 Notes: This is an open court case.
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